Archive for May, 2005

Yikpa history and daily life

Tuesday, May 24th, 2005

Yikpa is one of the Ewe Villages created after the all the EWE fled the harsh and wicked chief Agokoli in the Notse kingdom. All the kingdom was surrounded by a big and strong wall in order to prevent any one from fleeing the authority of the chief. But the EWE managed to escape the kingdom. They started pouring their used waters against the wall day after day until that part of the wall became weak and they could break through and escape. They escaped walking backward to confuse Agokoli’s soliers who would try to follow their step marks and catch them. They were then able to get away. As tehy were walking some decided to stay at the location they loved and tehy settled there while the others kept on walking until tehy at their turn found a convenient area to settle. The people from Yikpa kept walking until they probably found the location called KESEBAME (the valley of the monkeys. Maybe there were alot of monkeys in that valley at the time.) and settled there. When the Ashanti kingdom located in the central part of the actual GHANA declared war trying to conquer territoties, they tried to conquer EWE territoties. The people from Yikpa fled to hide in the valley surrounded by mountains where Yikpa actually is. After the Ashanti war, they liked their new place and their fetish also told them to stay at that location. And they stayed where Yikpa actually is, a beautiful place with great landscape and amazing views, “the place where you go and never want to leave”(Yikpa).
Agbessi

The creation of Yikpa Dafo

At some time in the history of Yikpa there were only two Yikpas: Yikpa-Dzigbe where the Chief is located and Yikpa-Anyigbe. At some time in late 1900 s, there were problems and disputes between two groups of families in Yikpa Anyigbe. As my mom told me, her family was one of the ones that taught they were being mistreated by the other group. Her family(DUMENU) and the other friend families decided to move and create a new and better village for themselves and where they will feel in peace. At the time she was just a young teenage girl. There’s a tradition of moving houses in Yikpa which consists of holding the top of the house with strong sticks tied up to it and with a lot of people move the whole top of the house until they reached the new location. There they will only have to build new wall under the top and then have a new strong house. It was a team effort and all the strong young people of the village were called by the chief to participate in such moving. They all helped do this kind of moving. My mom told me that she and her sisters, brothers, friends along with my grand father Vincent Dumenu and other families proceeded that way to move the houses they had at Yikpa-Anyigbe to their new location which they called Dafo which in EWE means “we are out of that”. She told me that as they were moving they were singing “Miawo mi de afo le eme, Miawo mi de afo le eme” ( We are out of that we are out of there).
That was the birth of Yikpa-Dafor where today are the police station and border control officers and the Yikpa market. There she told me her brother Pascal Apelete Dumenu was the first baby to be born in Yikpa-Dafor. My uncle Pascal is now between 35 and 40 years old and my mom is 56. It means Yikpa Dafor is only four decades old.
(To be continued)
Agbessi

DETIEDE, la fete qui unit les trois Yikpas!

DETIEDE literalement traduit veut dire “le palmier qui porte comme fruit d’autres palmiers”.
C’est le nom de cette fete annuelle qui reunit les trois villages de Yikpa (Yikpa-Dzigbe, Yikpa-Anyigbe et Yikpa-Dafo) toutes les annees dans un de ces villages. Cette fete a ete nomme apres un palmier qui portait d’autres palmiers!! miraculeux n’est-ce pas? Et bien ce palmier se trouve ou se trouvait quelque part entre les villages de Dzigbe et Anyigbe. Je me rappelle quand j’etais petit et que cette fete rassemblait tous les ressortissants de Yikpa pendant les grandes vacances, on allait tous visiter ce palmier miraculeux et c’etait vraiment une grande fete. Chaque annee l’un des trois villages et ses ressortissants preparent et organisent cette celebration a tour de role. C’etait l’occasion pour tous de retrouver, pour les gens qui vivent a Yikpa de retrouver leurs freres et soeurs qui vivent dans les villes et autres villages du Togo et du Ghana et aussi pour ces ressortissants des trois villages de Yikpa de se connaitre entre eux et de se rejouir ensemble et de discuter de l’avenir de Yikpa et de comment faire pour developer Yikpa. Pour nous les enfants et les jeunes, c’etait bien l’occasion de nous rejouir dans notre village natal la ou sont ne nos parents et grand-parents. A un certain moment cette fete avait cesse pour des problemes dans le comite organisateur. Mais il y a quelques annees, je pense a partir des annees 2000, les gens de Yikpa se sont encore reuni et ont renoue avec la tradition de cette fete. C’est la celebration de la riche culture, de la tradition, et de l’union des trois villages de Yikpa. Desormais c’est dans les conges de Paques que cette fete est desormais celebre. D’habitude le village qui a le tour forme un comite organisateur qui s’occupe de l’organisation, et quelques jours avant le jour de fete se passe une reunionde development pour jauger les idees et petits projets de developement pour Yikpa. Ensuite le jour de fete meme (d’habitude le jour de Paques) c’est la rejouissance populaire et le lendemain le lundi de Paques c’est le jour de la cascade. Tous vont se rejouir et se baigner dans a l’une des cascades de Yikpa, celle de Akpalabo, celle de Agumatsatodzi, ou celle de Agumatsa du cote de Wli (Ghana).
Agbessi

Laura Wendell and the Library of Yikpa

In the 1990’s American Peace Corps sent a girl named Laura to this village in the middle of mountains to help the villagers build fish ponds since the village had a lot of rivers around it. After helping couple people build fishponds, she found that the real need of people of Yikpa didn’t seem to be fish ponds butbooks. Books to help its young population get a good and stronger education, books to help the non-alphabetized adult population get an education, books to help develop Yikpa. She decided with the help of the Peace Corps and her contacts and the help of the people of yikpa to build a Library. The boutique of Norbert Adewuho was first the place where the books mostly written in French were placed. I remember I was 14 and was in 9th grade and me and my family went to Yikpa because there was a long general strike in all Togo at the time. Laura launched a reading contest which I loved and will never forget because it strengthen my ability and desire to read. The first 5 young students who would have read the most books were going to get a prize. Each time you get a book from Fo Norbert he would mark down the date and the title of the book you rented and when you brought it back he would make sure you really read it by asking you pertinent questions about the contents of the book after you made him an oral resume. There was really no way you could not read the books. I rented a lot of books annd really enjoyed reading them. I read books of 500 pages in three days partly because the books were interesting and also because there was not much to do in Yikpa at the time apart from going to farm some specific days of the week . Each day of the week was named. There was “Agble te gbe” (first day of farm), Agble vea gbe (second day of farm), agble susoe gbe(last day of farm), then there was “Afene vigbe”(first day of rest) and “Afene gagbe” (big day or second day of rest) and so on.
The end of the contest was when Laura was getting ready to leave Yikpa. There was a big gathering with a lot of celebrations. All the village was gathered on the primary school’s compound. It was a big day for us because Laura who had already become a member of our community was going to leave and also it was the day of the results and prizes of the reading contest. I was so happy to be called at the fifth place of the reading contest. I received prizes which I kept for a long time.
Later on they built athe library and put the books on shelves in it. It was wonderful. This library is really a great heritage Laura left us in Yikpa. It’s part of Yikpa and Yikpa’s history.
Agbessi

“Les presidents passent, le gouvernement reste”

Tuesday, May 24th, 2005

Au Togo nous pratiquons une democratie a notre maniere. Le gouvernement Togolais actuel est celui qui etait la avant la mort du president Eyadema, apres le passage ephemere de Faure a la presidence, apres le president par interim et aussi apres que Faure aie prete serment comme nouveau president. Si Faure est autant sur d’avoir remporte les elections, pourquoi ne forme-t-il pas son gouvernement et cherche-t-il a incorporer l’opposition dans son gouvernement? C’est les memes Koffi Sama, Foli-Bazi Katari qui cumule deux postes ministeriels fautes d’hommes intelligents au Togo peut-etre, les memes et on a desormais l’impression qu’au Togo, “les presidents passent et le gouvernement reste”. Il n’a pris que quelques jours a Faure pour preter serment apres les elections et maintenant il lui prend des semaines pour former un gouvernement? Ou bien c’est le gouvernement qui forme les presidents au Togo? C’est a notre maniere que nous faisons la democratie au Togo.

About Au village

Tuesday, May 17th, 2005

This web site is like in a village in the farness of Africa where we gather under the light of the full moon in the house compound and tell stories about our lives, our past experiences and our every day lives. So whenever you open this web page know that you just joined us under the full moon on the house compound. There’s no rules to this, feel free to share with us your stories. We wouldn’t go to bed until we finish our stories or until we feel sleepy. Even if we were to fall asleep the next full moon is just the next night, we will be gathering here again and ready to hear stories.
Agbessi

The rape of a student’s cousin by the soldiers

Tuesday, May 17th, 2005

The first year(1998-1999), I was in the universiy of Lome I was living in dorms on the university campus as were a lot of new students. That year problems were getting worse on the university since the government since they created the university in the 70’s never cared about renovations of the buildings nor the infrastructure nor he conditions of students as if the university was supposed to take care of itself with the years. This solely university in Togo was in constant and progressive deterioration and nobody in the government cared because they all sent their kids to big famous universities in Europe and the United states leaving the children of the poor citizens in this sometimes bushy university campus deal with their own destiny. That year as I said earlier I was living the dorms. I need to mention that the university campus is close at a few steps from the “Boulevard Eyadema” the street that leads to the private residence of the president Eyadema called Lome2 and soldiers were on that street 24 h/24h assuring the safety and secuity of the president. One night around 12 a.m or 1 a.m as we were sleeping we were woken up with some noises of some of our comrads students. What was it? A student was walking off his cousin after she paid him a visit and they were walking on the “Boulevard Eyadema” when some soldiers stopped them and started asking them questions. He told them she was his cousin and she was just walking her off, but they didn’t want to listen after tehy realized he was a student. I need to mention that a lot military people in Togo hated the students for unknown reasons. Some people said that they thought students were full of themselves and taught they were better than them. Or maybe because they knew most of them didn’t like the RPT regime or so. One can never tell. So they told the student and the the girl to strip and act as if they were having a sexual intercourse. As he refused to do it one of the soldiers told him he wanted to show him and he allegedly raped the girl in front of the student. That was after that that he ran to the campus to tell his fellow students who were enraged to hear that. A lot of them came out of their rooms and started whistling like they usually did to call for a meeting. They decided to make a march on the “Boulevard Eyadema” towards the university chancellery to show their unhappiness about what happenned. Around 8 a.m the march started with students singing and screaming slogans like “SOLDIERS RAPISTS”, “SOLDIERS VIOLENT AGAINST CIVILIANS”, “THOSE WHO DID THIS SHOULD BE TAKEN TO COURT AND JUDGED”…. They were marcing on the street with soldiers on the side of the street saying and doing nothing maybe because they thaught it would spark violence from students if they tried to stop them. This march was successful in some way because the minister of national security promised investigations to find those soldiers who committed such ingnominous act and take them to court. Even if they never found them ( it would have been easy for them to find them since they knew which soldiers they put on duty on the “Boulevard Eyadema that night), it showed a sign that soldiers were supposed to protect civilians and not harm them.

How Innocent Pato the “journaliste-griot” of Togo national TV got in problem with students

Tuesday, May 17th, 2005

One of our demonstrations at the university were always portrayed in the news on the national Television as by students manipulated by the opposition parties. And one of the virulent so-called journalists at the national Televion in comments and editorials made for the regime RPT was Innocent Pato. He was a tall skinny guy. any time students did a demonstration to ask for better conditions of study on the university campus he would come on TV in the 8 p.m news with an editorial. He will portray the students as “bad boys who are not very concerned about their studies but about money and are being manipulated by oppostion parties to fight the government”. He was doing all this in order to be noticed by the boss Eyadema as zealous and that way he could get nominated as a minister or at a very important post. That was how a lot of the RPT regime members have come to be nominated members of the government. Examples are Kofi Panou who died two or three years ago of obesity, and Pitang Tchalla the actual minister of communication. This made students very upset and they disliked him.
One of our demonstrations led us to Lycee de Tokoin where the university chancellor’s office is. This demonstration was to ask for payment of months of unpaid financial aid and better food at the university dining room. As the students gathered over in front of the chancellor’s office and were screaming slogans, look who appear on the side with a camera recorder on his shoulder: Innocent Pato.
He showed up allegedly after the chief of the police officers who were around warned him of the risk of what he was trying to do but he went on arguing it was part of the risk of the job of being journalist.
He was trying to film the students and show them on TV with bad comments about them. All of a sudden all the students rushed on him took his camera from him and trew it on the ground and some of them started beating him at the same time. uhh! It was wild! If it were not the intervention of the president of the CEUB of the time Lawson Alphonse, it would have been real bad for Innocent Pato. They let him go with some scratches on him. Innocent Pato came on the news couple days later treating studetns of “vandalists and violent people”. It just made a lot us laugh because we knew what he always said about the university students.
Some years ago I heard Innocent Pato fled Togo for US or a european country for some unknown reason may be because he failed to please the big boss of Lome2. That’s Togo!!!!!!!

Translations

Sunday, May 1st, 2005

I just posted the English translations of Agbessi’s recent posts. These are honest accounts of the brutal reality of life under the boots of the Eyadema regime. I focused on leaving Agbessi’s voice intact in the translations.

Don’t miss his perspective of the torching of the Goethe Institute in Lomé (in French).

Jürgen

Eyadema and his ministers booed on campus

Sunday, May 1st, 2005

Eyadema was always interested in presenting himself as the master of reconciliation. So at one point he wanted to honor us with a visit on campus, which, in fact is just outside his private residence in Lomé 2. While I was visiting my uncle, who lives in the outskirts of Lomé (on the Lomé – Kpalimé road), Eyadema himself came to visit his student neighbors on the university campus in Lomé. The following is the story as my comrades told it to me. As odd as it may seem, the students appeared in great numbers to see Gnassingbé Eyadema arrive, surrounded by his eager ministers.
Initially the Minister of the Interior at the time, the fierce Szing Walla, spoke, reporting that his sources (I seriously doubt they knew anything) had told him that the students had purchased gasoline, crowbars, lighters and other material for vandalizing the university and the city of Lomé. As his intentions to paint the students as vandals became clear, (when in fact all they wanted was some improvements to the conditions on campus) a student from the back of the audience yelled “Liar!” At this point all the others started to grumble, and then the entire crowd of students started booing at him. Thinking that the students would listen to him, the Premier Minister at the time, Messan AgbeYome Kodzo (who theses days is rotting in a slammer (prison) in Kara) took the microphone to calm down the students. It did not help. All the students wanted to hear at that point was a promise that they would receive their scholarship money soon. Then Eyadema himself took the microphone and promised to pay just a small portion of the scholarships and in a timeframe that was not acceptable to the students. So he started talking about the Viet Nam war, where he fought for the French. He never forgot to talk about the war in Viet Nam (actually he was in Laos an Cambodia, as well, I think). He always talked about that, and so the students had heard it all before. Someone in the crowd yelled “So what?” and the students started booing him as well. That made Eyadema so furious that he left the university campus like a rocket, trailed by his yes-men ministers.
The fruit of Gnassingbé Eyadema’s fury was a tuition hike for the university campus in Lomé from 5,500 CFA to 50,000 CFA [a nice dinner in Lomé cost 500 CFA at the time - ed] and other retaliatory harassment for the students later. So much for the democracy in Togo! God bless Togo!

[Translated by Jürgen - Original post]

“Passer-by” stoned on the unversity campus in Lomé

Sunday, May 1st, 2005

At one time we met in front of the dining hall for a student body meeting and we were waiting for Lamboni, our new president of the CEUB, whose life had been threatened by the soldiers. When he arrived with his collaborators, the meeting started. At that moment I noticed suspicious movements to the right of the dining hall and people started running away. It was the government militia. (They were not students, just some criminals recruited from the Adewui neighborhood.) They used this militia to disperse our group, which was perceived as a student mob. We took our legs in our hands and ran. Suddenly someone yelled:”We have to counter attack! We can’t let them get away with it this time!” So we turned around and began to chase the militia. We vastly outnumbered the militia, and I was at the tail-end of the mass of people that chased the militia. They fled toward the wall at the southern end of campus. After a short chase across some Manioc fields on campus, I arrived behind a crowd of fellow students. They were yelling that they had one of them. I arrived with a rock in my right hand, but when I saw the state of this big guy on the ground, I could not throw a rock at him. So I just let that rock drop on the ground, as this “militiaman,” as the comrades called him had already been seriously wounded by several rocks. From the comrades I heard that another student comrade had caught him as he returned to campus and saw the wave of fleeing militiamen. Just as this guy had climbed up the wall to join his “fellow militiamen”(he was probably the strongest of them) , the student pulled his foot and dragged him back down, just as the wave of students arrived in hot pursuit.
I hurried to leave campus, as I knew that any moment soldiers would arrive, and we would face retaliation for what was like an act of revenge of the students for the continuous harassment the students had to suffer on campus.
Later, I found out that the “militiaman” had lost his life after the students had left. The state television, which is a true propaganda instrument of the government, to our surprise reported that “students killed a passer-by on campus.” Ridicule does not kill.

[Translated by Jürgen - Original post]

War with rocks on the university campus in Lomé

Sunday, May 1st, 2005

This is just another episode of my experiences on the university campus in Lomé. In 2001 we were exasperated by the continuous problems on campus. In addition, there were occasional strikes of the teachers, demanding the payment of salaries. At that point the Togolese authorities were also meddling with the election of delegates of the faculty and of the members of our student organization CEUB. When the very popular president of the CEUB Alphonse Hellu Lawson graduated and left, most students were eager to replace him with Lamboni, who was in his fourth year of studying law. We admired Lamboni for his courage and determination. But we had not anticipated the tricky schemes of the Togolese regime. One of the faculty delegates by the name of Abente, who allegedly had received government money, tried everything to get elected as CEUB president, despite our objections. To enable him to take over the presidency of the CEUB, the government gave him a militia, armed with machetes and clubs. At first, he succeeded at corrupting several faculty delegates, who met and elected him as president of the CEUB in violation of the rules of our organization. But Lawson Hellu, who was still president, wanted to proceed with a vote at a student body meeting, which were usually held on the grounds in front of the dining hall.
The organizers had received word that there might be trouble, so they moved the meeting to a different location, near the social sciences building. When we got there, Lawson wanted to proceed with the vote. Suddenly we heard whistles everywhere, and when I turned around I saw that Abente’s supporters had infiltrated our meeting. They all had brand-new whistles, which they used to produce a noisy racket, in order to prevent the vote. Lawson recognized the difficult situation and quickly turned around and yelled:”Lamboni is president of the CEUB – do you agree?” we all yelled:”AAAAye!!!!” Then he yelled “Agboka is his vice president – do you agree?” We yelled:”AAAAyyyye!!!!” At that moment some other of Abente’s men had climbed onto the walkway, where Lawson was, and tried to stab him. His collaborators defended him and he was able to get away. After that, we fled toward North campus, while Abente’s supporters were pelting us with rocks. Then some of our comrades yelled:”Why are we running away. They only have rocks. Let’s get them back!” So we turned around and started throwing rocks back, using our book bags as shields. As we began to gain ground on them, we cheered. We managed to push our adversaries back toward the area of the central campus, when suddenly army jeeps with heavily armed soldiers appeared from behind the buildings and behind Abente’s supporters. I turned around and fled. I could barely run, I was so tired from throwing rocks, and my right arm hurt from throwing.
I had run with the last energy left in me, because I knew what awaited me if those soldiers arrested me while chasing some of the regulars on the Lomé campus.
Lucky for me, the soldiers went to a different direction from where I had fled, otherwise, I bet they would have caught me. “Thanks God. I was lucky on that one.” So I was able to get home quickly, since subsequently, the soldiers followed some comrades into the campus building next door where they wanted to hide. That’s what Togo is like under the boots of the soldier rabble!!!!!

[Translated by Jürgen - original post.]

A constant struggle against the army rabble at the Lomé university campus

Sunday, May 1st, 2005

From 1999 to 2001, I had my first experience as a student at the university campus in Lomé. Most of the students on campus had come from the interior of the country and so their parents were mostly farmers, which meant they had to take care of themselves while in Lomé. The government stipends most of us received helped us buy books and survive in Lomé. But it was a constant struggle to get these payments. The Student Council of the Université du Benin (CEUB) was led successively by the very popular Alphonse Hellu Lawson and then by Lamboni and we felt we were the core of an organization that represented our struggle as students. This struggle was not just about the stipends, but also about an improvement in the political situation, since it all came down to politics in the end. Holding our meetings was a constant struggle with the security forces, who were all over the campus to prevent even the smallest gatherings of any kind. The announcements of the Student Council (CEUB), often in the form of posted notices, always ended with the words: ” UNITED FOR THE SAME CAUSE – THE STRUGLE CONTINUES.”
I remember March 1, 2001 very well. We had held a protest march from the university campus on Boulevard Eyadema to the Tokoin High School, where the office of the Dean of the university was. When we were told that the Dean was not present, we decided to have a sit-in at the Peace Column [monument], until we could see the Vice-Dean, who refused to talk to us. Our sit-in at the Peace Column had lasted for more than an hour, watched by heavily armed security forces on the other side. The soldiers clearly were not ready to cooperate, and eventually they started to march and to trample all over us, and to throw tear gas to spread panic. Some people were beaten really badly. For my part, I had to clamber up the huge wall of the Tokin High School and jump down the other side, so I could get away. After this, we realized that many of our comrades had been surrounded and some injured. Some student’s motorcycles had been stolen and many had been beaten.
If you’ve survived the beatings of the soldiers and put up with the spite of a dictatorship that began before you were born, and with which you had to put up with for more than 26 years of our life, you view what is currently going on in Togo with revulsion.

(translated by Jürgen – original post)